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commands-general-tools
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commands-general-tools [2018/05/05 01:59] alex [OpenSSL] parse a file's ASN.1 content |
commands-general-tools [2020/07/11 11:22] (aktuell) alex [Conversion Stuff] add rounded corners to an image (for app icon with rounded corners in the style of iPhone‘s SpringBoard) |
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| Zeile 33: | Zeile 33: | ||
| clang++ -dM -E -x c /dev/null | clang++ -dM -E -x c /dev/null | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| + | |||
| ==== OpenSSL ==== | ==== OpenSSL ==== | ||
| Zeile 95: | Zeile 96: | ||
| curl test.schrimpe.de -x 127.0.0.1: | curl test.schrimpe.de -x 127.0.0.1: | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| - | [[https:// | + | [[https:// |
| === measure duration of HTTP request === | === measure duration of HTTP request === | ||
| Zeile 101: | Zeile 102: | ||
| curl https:// | curl https:// | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| - | [[https:// | + | [[https:// |
| === check whether a TCP connection can be established with a three second timeout === | === check whether a TCP connection can be established with a three second timeout === | ||
| Zeile 107: | Zeile 108: | ||
| nc -w3 -z 192.168.0.1 80 ## return code zero on success | nc -w3 -z 192.168.0.1 80 ## return code zero on success | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| - | [[https:// | + | [[https:// |
| === mDNS query === | === mDNS query === | ||
| Zeile 113: | Zeile 114: | ||
| dig somehostname.local @224.0.0.251 -p 5353 | dig somehostname.local @224.0.0.251 -p 5353 | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| - | [[https:// | + | [[https:// |
| === verify DNSSEC chain of a domain === | === verify DNSSEC chain of a domain === | ||
| <code bash> | <code bash> | ||
| - | ## obtain | + | ## if you don't have the root keys yet, obtain them first |
| + | unbound-anchor -a / | ||
| + | ## if the root key file is at the standard path of your unbound/ | ||
| drill -S -k / | drill -S -k / | ||
| - | ## if your resolver does not support DNSSEC use e.g. Quad9 | + | ## if your resolver does not support DNSSEC, use a public one, e.g. Hurricane Electric |
| - | drill -S -k / | + | drill -S -k / |
| </ | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| === check whether your DNS resolver discards invalid DNSSEC domains === | === check whether your DNS resolver discards invalid DNSSEC domains === | ||
| Zeile 127: | Zeile 131: | ||
| dig www.dnssec-failed.org | dig www.dnssec-failed.org | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | === check whether your DNS resolver uses QNAME minimisation === | ||
| + | <code bash> | ||
| + | dig txt qnamemintest.internet.nl +short | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| === scan all TCP ports of a host === | === scan all TCP ports of a host === | ||
| Zeile 132: | Zeile 143: | ||
| nmap -p- somehost.example.com | nmap -p- somehost.example.com | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| - | [[https:// | + | [[https:// |
| + | |||
| + | === reverse DNS lookup of an IP subnet === | ||
| + | <code bash> | ||
| + | nmap -R -sL 198.51.100.96/ | ||
| + | nmap -R -sL -6 2001: | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | === scan for responding hosts in an IP subnet === | ||
| + | <code bash> | ||
| + | ## probe TCP connect on Port 80 with five attempts for each host | ||
| + | nping 198.51.100.96/ | ||
| + | ## probe ICMP with five attempts for each host | ||
| + | nping --icmp 198.51.100.96/ | ||
| + | ## probe ICMP with one attempt for each host and 200ms between requests (and decrease verbosity) | ||
| + | nping -q --count 1 --delay 200ms --icmp 198.51.100.96/ | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| ==== File Stuff ==== | ==== File Stuff ==== | ||
| === count lines of a certain file type recursively (e.g. C++ source files) === | === count lines of a certain file type recursively (e.g. C++ source files) === | ||
| <code bash> | <code bash> | ||
| - | find . -name " | + | find / |
| + | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | === check recursively for broken symlinks === | ||
| + | <code bash> | ||
| + | find /your/dir -type l ! -exec test -e {} \; -print | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | === delete recursively all files with a certain name (e.g. “.DS_Store”) === | ||
| + | <code bash> | ||
| + | find /your/dir -type f -name .DS_Store -print -delete | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| === create checksums of directory tree and verify them === | === create checksums of directory tree and verify them === | ||
| Zeile 150: | Zeile 192: | ||
| rhash -cr --crc-accept=sfv, | rhash -cr --crc-accept=sfv, | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| - | [[https:// | + | [[https:// |
| === create a file with specific timestamps === | === create a file with specific timestamps === | ||
| Zeile 159: | Zeile 201: | ||
| ## -t = timestamp - use [[CC]YY]MMDDhhmm[.ss] time format | ## -t = timestamp - use [[CC]YY]MMDDhhmm[.ss] time format | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| - | [[https:// | + | [[https:// |
| === handle sparse files === | === handle sparse files === | ||
| Zeile 168: | Zeile 210: | ||
| dd if=inputSparse.ext of=outputSparse.ext bs=4096 conv=sparse | dd if=inputSparse.ext of=outputSparse.ext bs=4096 conv=sparse | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| - | [[https:// | + | [[https:// |
| + | |||
| + | === create a 7-ZIP archive encrypted with a password === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <code bash> | ||
| + | 7z a -p -mhe=on the_new_archive.7z -r dir_containing_stuff another_file.bin | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | === view contents of ZIP or TAR files without complete extracting === | ||
| + | <code bash> | ||
| + | ### example of " | ||
| + | unzip -l SomeAndroidApp.apk | ||
| + | unzip -p SomeAndroidApp.apk META-INF/ | ||
| + | ### example of an "Open Virtual Appliance" | ||
| + | tar -tf SomeAppliance.ova | ||
| + | tar -xfO SomeAppliance.ova SomeAppliance.ovf | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| ==== Disk and Partition Stuff ==== | ==== Disk and Partition Stuff ==== | ||
| Zeile 179: | Zeile 240: | ||
| === disk images over SSH === | === disk images over SSH === | ||
| <code bash> | <code bash> | ||
| + | ## from a local disk send compressed image to remote host | ||
| dd if=/dev/sda bs=1048576 | pv | lz4 | ssh user@dest.example.com "dd of=/ | dd if=/dev/sda bs=1048576 | pv | lz4 | ssh user@dest.example.com "dd of=/ | ||
| + | ## to a local disk receive compressed image from remote host | ||
| + | ssh user@src.example.com "cat / | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| ==== Conversion Stuff ==== | ==== Conversion Stuff ==== | ||
| - | === make a big image small with ImageMagick === | + | === convert |
| <code bash> | <code bash> | ||
| + | ## make a big image small | ||
| convert big_input.tif -resize 256x256 small_output.png | convert big_input.tif -resize 256x256 small_output.png | ||
| + | ## make an image grayscale and remove any transparency | ||
| + | convert input.png -alpha deactivate -colorspace Gray output.png | ||
| + | ## create PNG with transparency from SVG, determine it's pixel dimensions from a DPI parameter | ||
| + | convert -background none -density 1200 input.svg output.png | ||
| + | ## create PNG with transparency from SVG, specify it's pixel dimensions directly | ||
| + | convert -background none -size 512x512 input.svg output.png | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| - | [[https:// | + | [[https:// |
| + | |||
| + | === batch convert | ||
| + | <code bash> | ||
| + | ### for JPGs | ||
| + | exiftool -ext jpg ' | ||
| + | mogrify -resize 375 -define preserve-timestamp=True *.JPG | ||
| + | ### for PNGs | ||
| + | exiftool -ext png ' | ||
| + | mogrify -resize 375 -define preserve-timestamp=True *.PNG | ||
| + | ### Comments: | ||
| + | ## the " | ||
| + | ## the " | ||
| + | ## for case-sensitive filesystems in the " | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | === add rounded corners to an image (for app icon with rounded corners in the style of iPhone‘s SpringBoard) === | ||
| + | <code bash> | ||
| + | ### Adjust the corner radius (in pixel) to your needs. | ||
| + | ### For a 1024x1024 image a value of 128 looks good. | ||
| + | RADIUS=128 | ||
| + | |||
| + | ### The whole ImageMagick command is quite complex. The resulting rounded image is written to a new file. | ||
| + | ### The cascade of parenthesized options defines the operations to cut out the transparent arcs in the corners. | ||
| + | convert AppIconRaw.png \( +clone -alpha extract \ | ||
| + | \( -size ${RADIUS}x${RADIUS} xc:black -draw "fill white circle ${RADIUS}, | ||
| + | \( mpr:arc \) -gravity northwest -composite \ | ||
| + | \( mpr:arc -flip \) -gravity southwest -composite \ | ||
| + | \( mpr:arc -flop \) -gravity northeast -composite \ | ||
| + | \( mpr:arc -rotate 180 \) -gravity southeast -composite \) \ | ||
| + | -alpha off -compose CopyOpacity -composite AppIconRounded.png | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Unix timestamp to human readable time === | ||
| + | <code bash> | ||
| + | ## with BSD date | ||
| + | date -r 1523210382 | ||
| + | ## with GNU date | ||
| + | date -d @1523210382 | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| === format XML === | === format XML === | ||
| Zeile 197: | Zeile 310: | ||
| xmllint --noblanks input_pretty.xml > output_ugly.xml | xmllint --noblanks input_pretty.xml > output_ugly.xml | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| === C array of the content of some file === | === C array of the content of some file === | ||
| Zeile 202: | Zeile 316: | ||
| xxd -i someFile.bin | xxd -i someFile.bin | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| - | [[https:// | + | [[https:// |
| - | === Unix timestamp | + | === change the character encoding of a file‘s content === |
| + | < | ||
| + | ## convert from " | ||
| + | recode utf8...latin1 test.dat | ||
| + | ## autodetect and convert to " | ||
| + | recode ..latin1 test.dat | ||
| + | ## list available encodings available in your " | ||
| + | recode --list | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | === occurrences of non-ASCII characters in a file‘s content (with GNU grep) === | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | ggrep --color=' | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | === occurrences of invalid UTF-8 characters in a file‘s content (this assumes you have an UTF-8 locale set) === | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | grep -axv ' | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | === count how many time each byte value occurs in a file‘s content === | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | recode latin1/ | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Process Stuff ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | === execute a program in a background terminal | ||
| <code bash> | <code bash> | ||
| - | ## with BSD date | + | ## create named session using the terminal emulator " |
| - | date -r 1523210382 | + | screen |
| - | ## with GNU date | + | ## show PID of the " |
| - | date -d @1523210382 | + | screen -lsS some_session_name | awk '/ |
| + | ## attach to the session | ||
| + | screen -rS some_session_name | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | === show child PIDs of a PID === | ||
| + | <code bash> | ||
| + | pgrep -P 56789 | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Bourne Again Shell ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | === delete entries from the command history (e.g. to remove passwords) === | ||
| + | <code bash> | ||
| + | ## show the current history | ||
| + | history | ||
| + | ## determine the entry number, in this example the desired entry was #501 | ||
| + | history -d 501 | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | === avoid history recording for one interactive shell completely === | ||
| + | <code bash> | ||
| + | unset HISTFILE | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| - | [[https:// | ||
commands-general-tools.1525478392.txt.gz · Zuletzt geändert: 2018/05/05 01:59 von alex
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